Technology and stages of trenching for the foundation
After breaking the foundation on the ground, it should be indicated by its boundaries by removing a plant layer with a bayonet shovel along the entire perimeter of the future trench, and begin to remove the soil. With a small depth of 1 m, the walls, if the soil is unsecure, are made vertical, with a more in -depth foundation, a small slope is made. With bulk soils, digging a trench should be wider than the alleged foundation for installing a shield formwork, which is extracted from the trench after the foundation flooding is over. The bottom of the trench should be leveled under a horizontal single mark and carefully compact.
Then make a pillow of gravel, which will be the base and drainage, and protect the foundation from washing with soil waters. All work on digging trench is performed only in dry weather. If the rain begins, and so that the trench is not flooded or washed the walls, it should be closed with a film that will not hold the water. If the film is wide, it can be laid on the bottom, one temporarily covering the wall and the ground near the trench at least 1 m. And so that it does not take it off with gusts of wind, the edges of the film are loaded with bricks, stones and something other heavy. After the rain, the film must be carefully removed, and before the continuation of further work, it should be allowed to dry.